Food scraps are an everyday part of modern life, whilst everything should be done to reduce the food we waste. However, when we discard them into general waste bins they are destined for landfill where it will produce methane. On average only 40% of the total gas from Australian landfills are captured.
If source segregation is put into place by local councils or communities, these wastes can be used to produce renewable gas through anaerobic digestion. This can provide off-grid localised heat and power or be sold to the gas grid network. This practice reduces fugitive methane emissions from landfills, produces a valuable fertiliser and improves the circular economy.
Alternatively rather than segregating the waste at source it can be mechanically sorted and then anaerobically digested. However, whilst this treatment can produce energy and reduce waste to landfill, it does not produce a valuable fertiliser or improve circular economy. Instead the remaining waste needs to be dewatered and sent to landfill or incineration.
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